Keluaran 4:29

4:29 Then Moses and Aaron went and brought together all the Israelite elders. ¹ 

Keluaran 17:5

17:5 The Lord said to Moses, “Go over before the people; ²  take with you some of the elders of Israel and take in your hand your staff with which you struck the Nile and go.

Imamat 4:15

4:15 the elders of the congregation must lay their hands on the head of the bull before the Lord, and someone must slaughter ³  the bull before the Lord.

Bilangan 11:16

The Response of God

11:16 ⁴ The Lord said to Moses, “Gather to me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom you know are elders of the people and officials ⁵  over them, and bring them to the tent of meeting; let them take their position there with you.

Bilangan 16:25

16:25 Then Moses got up ⁶  and went to Dathan and Abiram; and the elders of Israel went after him.

Ulangan 5:23

5:23 Then, when you heard the voice from the midst of the darkness while the mountain was ablaze, all your tribal leaders and elders approached me.

Ulangan 19:12

19:12 The elders of his own city must send for him and remove him from there to deliver him over to the blood avenger ⁷  to die.

Hakim-hakim 8:14

8:14 He captured a young man from Succoth ⁸  and interrogated him. The young man wrote down for him the names of Succoth’s officials and city leaders – seventy-seven men in all. ⁹ 

Rut 4:2

4:2 Boaz chose ten of the village leaders ¹⁰  and said, “Sit down here!” So they sat down.

Amsal 31:23

31:23 Her husband is well-known ¹¹  in the city gate ¹² 

when he sits with the elders ¹³  of the land.

Yehezkiel 8:11

8:11 Seventy men from the elders of the house of Israel ¹⁴  (with Jaazaniah son of Shaphan standing among them) were standing in front of them, each with a censer in his hand, and fragrant ¹⁵  vapors from a cloud of incense were swirling upward.

[4:29]  ¹ sn These are the leaders of the tribes who represented all the people. Later, after the exodus, Moses will select the most capable of them and others to be rulers in a judicial sense (Exod 18:21).

[17:5]  ² tn “Pass over before” indicates that Moses is the leader who goes first, and the people follow him. In other words, לִפְנֵי (lifney) indicates time and not place here (B. Jacob, Exodus, 477-78).

[4:15]  ³ tn Heb “and he shall slaughter.” The singular verb seems to refer to an individual who represents the whole congregation, perhaps one of the elders referred to at the beginning of the verse, or the officiating priest (cf. v. 21). The LXX and Syriac make the verb plural, referring to “the elders of the congregation.”

[11:16]  ⁴ sn The Lord provides Spirit-empowered assistance for Moses. Here is another variation on the theme of Moses’ faith. Just as he refused to lead alone and was given Aaron to share the work, so here he protests the burden and will share it with seventy elders. If God’s servant will not trust wholeheartedly, that individual will not be used by God as he or she might have been. Others will share in the power and the work. Probably one could say that it was God’s will for others to share this leadership – but not to receive it through these circumstances.

[11:16]  ⁵ tn The “officials” (שֹׁטְּרִים, shottÿrim) were a group of the elders who seem to have had some administrative capacities. The LXX used the word “scribes.” For further discussion, see R. de Vaux, Ancient Israel, 69-70.

[16:25]  ⁶ tn Heb “rose up.”

[19:12]  ⁷ tn The גֹאֵל הַדָּם (go’el haddam, “avenger of blood”) would ordinarily be a member of the victim’s family who, after due process of law, was invited to initiate the process of execution (cf. Num 35:16-28). See R. Hubbard, NIDOTTE 1:789-94.

[8:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “from the men of Succoth.”

[8:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “wrote down for him the officials of Succoth and its elders, seventy-seven men.”

[4:2]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and he took ten men from the elders of the town.”

[31:23]  ¹¹ tn The first word of the fourteenth line begins with נ (nun), the fourteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The form is the Niphal participle of יָדַע (yada’); it means that her husband is “known.” The point is that he is a prominent person, respected in the community.

[31:23]  ¹² tn Heb “gate”; the term “city” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[31:23]  sn The “gate” was the area inside the entrance to the city, usually made with rooms at each side of the main street where there would be seats for the elders. This was the place of assembly for the elders who had judicial responsibilities.

[31:23]  ¹³ tn The construction uses the infinitive construct with the preposition and a pronominal suffix that serves as the subject (subjective genitive) to form a temporal clause. The fact that he “sits with the elders” means he is one of the elders; he sits as a judge among the people.

[8:11]  ¹⁴ sn Note the contrast between these seventy men who represented Israel and the seventy elders who ate the covenant meal before God, inaugurating the covenant relationship (Exod 24:1, 9).

[8:11]  ¹⁵ tn The Hebrew word occurs only here in the OT.